According to the first law of thermodynamics, all forms of energy are equivalent. One form of energy can be converted into other form and any process is possible as long as it does not create energy or destroy energy. Also, in a cyclic process, the heat is converted into work and vice versa. But in
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Zeroth law of thermodynamics states, “When two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body separately, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other”. As shown in figure let, a system X be in thermal equilibrium with another system Y. Also, let, another system Z be in thermal equilibrium with the system Y.
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As we have seen in the preceding sections, the connection between transmitter an the receiver is established through communication channel. We have seen that communication can take place through wirelines, wireless or fibre optic channels. other media such as optical disks, magnetic tapes and disks etc. can also be called as communication channel, because they
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We know that electromagnetic waves have two fields. One field is electric field and other is magnetic at 90°. The direction of propagation of those waves is perpendicular to both electric and magnetic fields. The electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light (3 x 108m/sec). They can travel on electric conductors, in air, in
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What is Communication ? Communication is the process of establishing connection (or link) between two points for information exchange. In our day to day life we come across many ways of communicate. For communication to take place, three essential things must be present. Sender or Transmitter : It sends information. For example TV transmitting station
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The thermistor is a semiconductor device that has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Thermistors are non-metallic resistors, that is, semiconductors of ceramic materials. Basic Principle : The basic principle involved in thermistor is, when it is subjected to a temperature change, the resistance of the thermistor changes. This change in resistance will be the
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Image shows vertical axis wind turbine type wind machine. One of the main advantages of vertical axis rotors is that they do not have to be turned into the wind steams as the wind direction changes. Because their operation is independent of wind direction, vertical axis machines are called panemones. Vertical axis wind turbine (or
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Image shows a schematic arrangement of a horizontal axis wind machine. Although the common wind turbine with a horizontal axis is simple in principle yet the design of a complete system, especially a large one that would produce electric power economically, is complex. It is of paramount importance that the components like rotor, transmission, generator
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The Earth is unevenly heated by the sun, such that the poles receive less energy from the sun than the equator; wind power plant along with this, dry land heats up (and cools down) more quickly than the seas do. The differential heating drives a global atmospheric convection system reaching from the Earth’s surface to
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The followings are the components of a tidal power plants. The dam to form the pool or basin. Sluice ways from the basins to the sea. The power house. Dam – The function of dam is to form a barrier between the sea and the basin. Sluice ways – These are used to fill the
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