Difference Between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

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Table enlists the distinguishing features between prokaryotes and eukaryotes :

Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Basic Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
Typical Organisms Bacteria and archaea Protists, fungi, plants and animals.
Typical Size ∼1-10μm ∼10-100μm (sperm cells, apart from the tail, are smaller).
Types Nucleus Nucleoid region; no real nucleus Real nucleus with double membrane.
DNA Circular (usually) Linear molecules (chromosomes) with histone proteins.
RNA-/ Protein Synthesis Coupled in cytoplasm RNA-synthesis inside the nucleus; protein synthesis in cytoplasm.
Ribosomes 50 S + 30S 60S + 40S
Cytoplasmatic Structure Very few structures Highly structured by endomembranes and a cytoskeleton.
Cell Movement Flagella flagellin Flagella and cilia containing microtubules; lamellipodia and filopodia containing actin.
Mitochondria None One to several thousand (though some lack mitochondria).
Chloroplasts None In algae and plants.
Organisation Usually single cells Single cells, colonies, higher multicellular organisms with specialised cells.
Cell Division Binary fission (simple division) Mitosis (fission or budding) and meiosis.
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