LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) LPG is generally manufactured from gas or the gas from the cracking units of petroleum refineries. LPG contains mainly of paraffinic hydrocarbons upto C4 . Its main constituents are n-butane...
Tag - Chemistry
Natural gas It is obtained from wells dug in the oil-bearing regions. It is also called as ‘Marsh gas’. It accumulates in underground reservoir either with or without petroleum oil. The gas which is coming out from...
Water gas The mixture of CO and H2 is called as water gas. It is also called as a blue gas due to the blue colour of the flame when it is burnt. The average composition of water gas is: CO=41%, H2 =51%, CO2 =4% and N2...
Producer gas It is a mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen. Oxygen in the air combines with carbon to form carbon monoxide and its nitrogen content is from air. The average composition of producer gas is, CO = 22% 30% , H2 =...
Gaseous fuels The gaseous fuels are mainly used for heating purposes. Advantages and disadvantages of gaseous fuels Advantages Disadvantages Gaseous fuel have high calorific value. High danger of explosion and it may cause...
Fractional Distillation Fig (1) Fractional distillation of crude petroleum In this process lighter and heavier portions are separated out. If the temperature of the crude oil rises above 400°C , cracking takes place. Hence...
Synthetic Petrol It is feared that the world’s supplies of natural petroleum may not last long. This fear compelled the chemists to think for a synthetic product resembling natural gasoline and the product was named...
Leaded petrol Petrol or gasoline which contains tetraethyl lead (TEL) is known as leaded petrol or leaded gasoline. Compounds such as tetraethyl lead, greatly reduces knocking and they are added up to 0.01% in the gasoline. The...
Diesel Diesel engine fuel are heavier portions of gas oil and lighter portions of residues remaining in the petroleum distillation. Diesel fuel should contain maximum number of straight-chain hydrocarbon molecules. In diesel...
Manufacture of metallurgical coke There are two methods of manufacturing metallurgical coke which are named according to the character of the oven in which the distillation is carried out. (i) Beehive oven method and (ii) Chamber...
