The speed capabilities of current industrial robots range up to a maximum of about 500 degrees per second for certain joints. Current day industrial robots can have cycle times as low as 0.8 sec (e.g., Adept Viper). The highest end effector speeds can be obtained by large robots with the arm extended to its maximum
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Work volume is the term that refers to the space within which the robot can manipulate its wrist end. The convention of using the wrist end to define the robot’s work volume is adopted to avoid the complication of different sizes of end effectors that might be attached to the robot’s wrist. The end effector
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The robot’s capacity to move its body, arm, and wrist is provided by the drive system used to power the robot. The drive system determines its speed of operation, load carrying capacity, and its dynamic performance. To some extent, the drive system determines the kinds of applications that the robot can accomplish. In this and
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Industrial robots are available in a wide variety of sizes, shapes and physical configurations. The vast majority of today’s commercially available robots possess one of four basic configurations: Polar configuration Cylindrical configuration Cartesian coordinate configuration Jointed-arm configuration The four basic configurations are illustrated in the schematic diagrams of fig. The polar configuration is pictured in
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Variety of Moral Issues There are so many engineering disasters which are greater/ heavier than the level of acceptable or tolerable risk. Therefore, finding and avoiding such cases such as nuclear plant accident at Chernobyl (Russia), Chemical plant accident at Bhopal (India) where a big disaster of gas leakage, occurred in 1980, is necessary. In
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The memory allocation operator new and delete can be overloaded to handle memory resource in a customized way. An application designed to handle memory allocation by itself through overloading can easily detect memory leaks. //Overloading of new and delete operators #include<iostream.h> Const int ARRAY-SIZE = 10; class vector { int*array; //array is dynamically allocatable data
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The operator overloading feature of C++ is one of the methods of realizing polymorphism. C++ has the ability to provide the operators with a special meaning to an operator is known as operator overloading. We can overload all the C++ operators except the following: Size resolution operator (::) Scope of operator (size of) Conditional operator
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Object’s data members can be dynamically initialized during runtime, even after their creation. One advantage is that it supports different initialization formats using overloaded constructors. This provides flexibility of using different forms of data at runtime depending upon the user’s need. //Object with different name pattern #include<iostream.h> #include<string.h> class name { char first[15]; //first name
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A constructor is a special member function whose main operation is to allocate the required resources such as memory and initialize the object of its class. The constructor of a class is the first member function to be executed automatically when an object of the class is created. Syntax class classname { Public: classname (
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A member function that is declared static has following properties. A static function can have access to only other static members declared in the same class. A static member function can be called using the class name (instead of its objects) as follows: Class-name :: function name //static member function #include<iostream.h> class test { int
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