These are the pieces of the operating system components we’ll be looking at: Process Management Main Memory Management File Management I/O System Management Secondary Management Networking Protection System Command-Interpreter System Process Management A process is a program in execution: (A program is passive, a process active.) A process has resources (CPU time, files) and attributes
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Simple Structure MS-DOS written to provide the most functionality in the least space, Operating System Structures. Not divided into modules Although MS-DOS has some structure, its interfaces and levels of functionality are not well separated Layered Approach The operating system is divided into a number of layers (levels), each built on top of lower layers.
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API, an abbreviation of application program interface, is a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks. A programmer then puts the blocks together. Most operating environments, such as MS-Windows, provide an API so that programmers can
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Overloading binary operators can be overloaded just as easily as unary operators. We’ll look at examples that overload arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and arithmetic assignment operators. Arithmetic Operators In the ENGLCON program in before we showed how two English Distance objects could be added using a member function add_dist(): dist3.add_dist(dist1, dist2); By overloading binary operators
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Let’s start off by overloading a unary operators. unary operators act on only one operand. (An operand is simply a variable acted on by an operator.) Examples of unary operators are the increment and decrement operators ++ and –, and the unary minus, as in -33. “Objects and Classes,” we created a class Counter to
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We noted at the beginning of this chapter that two kinds of strings are commonly used in C++: C-strings and strings that are objects of the string class. In this section we’ll describe the first kind, which fits the theme of the chapter in that C-strings are arrays of type char. We call these strings
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We’ve seen how an object can contain an array. We can also reverse that situation and create an arrays of objects. We’ll look at two situations: an array of English distances and a deck of cards. Arrays of English Distances “Objects and Classes,” we showed several examples of an English Distance class that incorporated feet
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In this part we discuss mobile robots, a class of robots that are able to move through the environment. The figures show an assortment of mobile robots that can move over the ground, over the water, through the air, or through the water. This highlights the diversity of what is referred to as the robotic
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The term introduction of robot means different things to different people. Science fiction books and movies have strongly influenced what many people expect a robot to be or what it can do. Sadly the practice of robotics is far behind this popular conception. One thing is certain though robotics will be an important technology in
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A Diesel power plant (also known as Stand by diesel power station) uses a diesel engine as prime mover for the generation of electrical energy. This power station is generally compact and thus can be located where it is actually required. This kind of power station can be used to produce limited amounts of electrical
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