February 2021

It is employed in petrol engines. Fig shows the wiring diagram of a simple coil battery ignition system of a four cylinder engine. This system is used in automobiles. Construction: It consists of a battery, ignition coil, condenser, contact breaker, distributor and spark plugs. Generally, 6 or 12 volts battery is used. The ignition coil

In magneto ignition system, the battery is replaced with a magneto. Fig. shows the wiring diagram of a magneto ignition system. It consists of a switch, magneto, contact breaker, condenser, distributor and spark plugs. This system is used in two wheelers like motor cycles, scooters. Construction : The magneto ignition system consists of a rotating

Systematic and Random Errors in Measurement Systematic error is usually divided into two different categories: Instrumental errors Environmental errors Instrumental error : These errors are due to shortcomings of the instrument. These are errors inherent in measuring instruments because of their mechanical structure. For example, in the D’Arsonval movement friction in bearings of various moving

Errors in measurement = Measured Value – True value Error is the different between the measured value and the true value. The errors in measurement can be expressed either as an absolute error or an relative error. Absolute error The absolute error is classified into two types: True absolute error Apparent absolute error  True absolute

The types of carburetor can be classified according to the following considerations. Carburetors are used almost all SI engine for the preparation of combustible air fuel mixture as a charge. Types of carburetor are : According to the direction of flow. a. Uplift carburetors or updraft carburetors. b. Down draft carburetors C. Horizontal carburetors According

In two stroke cycle engine, one working cycle is completed in two strokes of the piston (one up and down movement) or one revolution of the crankshaft. Hence, it is called as two stroke engines. One working cycle consists of the following four processes. Suction Compression Power or expansion Exhaust The schematic diagram of two

In 4 stroke cycle engines, one working cycle is completed in four stroke of the piston or two revolution of the crankshaft. Hence, it is called as four stroke engine. In 4 stroke engine, 2 valves are placed instead of port as that of two stroke engines. These are termed as inlet and exhaust values.

The Internal Combustion engines (I.C engine) is a heat engine that converts chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy. Chemical energy of a fuel is first converted into thermal energy by means of combustion or oxidation with air inside the engine. This thermal energy is again converted into useful work through mechanical mechanism of the

Large number and variety of variables are involved in measurement in practice. These variables may be constant with time or time varying. Measurement of the weight of an object is the example of time constant measurement. The measurement of pressure inside an I.C. engine is an example of time varying measurement. Output of a time

Measurement is a comparison of a given unknown quantity with one of its predetermined standard values adopted as a unit. Metric system of measurement provides us with means of describing various phenomena in quantitative terms. It plays an important role in all branches of engineering and science. There are two important requirements of the measurement: