Mechanical

This is an example for absorption type hydraulic dynamometer. Principle: When a conducting material moves through a magnetic flux field, voltage is generated, which causes current to flow. If the conductor is a wire forming, a part of a complete circuit current will be caused to flow through that circuit, and with some form of

Measuring the strain induced in a shaft due to an applied torque has been the most common method used for torque measurement in recent years. Torque transducers based on strain measurement are normally made by applying strain gauges to a shaft to measure the shear strain caused by torsion. The shear stress causes strains to

The main features of CNC – CMM are shown in fig. The stationary granite measuring table, length measuring system, air bearings, control unit and software are the important parts of CNC and CMM. Stationary granite measuring table Granite table provides a stable reference plane for locating parts to be measured. It is provided with a

The below fig shows the layout of a computer controlled CMM, a flexible measuring centre. The measurements, inspection of parts for dimension form, surface characteristics and position of geometrical elements are done at the same time. Mechanical systems for the computer controlled CMM can be subdivided into four basic types. The selection of a particular

The optical setup for the X-axis calibration is shown in fig below. In this fig the laser head is mounted on the tripod stand and its height is adjusted corresponding to the working table of CMM. The interferometer contains a polarized beam splitter which reflects F1 component of the laser beam. Now, let the F2

The various types of CMM Co-ordinate measuring machine are, Cantilever type. Bridge type. Horizontal boring type. Vertical boring type. Cantilever type It is easy to load and unload, but it is most sensitive to mechanical error because of sag or deflection in y axis beam. Bridge type It is difficult to load but less sensitive

Construction of CMM: The co-ordinate measuring machines has movements in X-Y-Z which can be easily controlled and measured. Each slide in three in three directions has transducer which gives digital display and senses +ve/-ve direction. The measuring head has a probe tip, which can be different kinds like taper tip, ball tip etc. Length bar

Coordinate measuring machine are used for the measurement of length over the outer surfaces of a length bar or any other long member. The member may be either rounded or flat and parallel. The measuring machine are more useful and advantages than vernier calipers, micrometer, screw gauges etc. The measuring machines are generally of more

The various test performed in pillar type drilling machine are, Flatness of clamping surface of base. Flatness of clamping surface of table. Perpendicularity of drill head guide to the base plate. Perpendicularity of drill head guide with table. Perpendicularity of spindle sleeve with base plate. True running of spindle taper. Parallelism of the spindle axis

The various test performed on the alignment tests on milling machine are, Cutter spindle axial slip or float. Eccentricity of external diameter. True running of internal taper. Surface parallel with longitudinal movement. Traverse movement parallel with spindle axis. Centre T-slot Square with the arbor. Tests on column. Over arm parallel with spindle. This are various