Mechanical

The following alignment tests are carried on lathe. Levelling of the machine. True running of location cylinder of main spindle. Axial slip of main spindle and true running of shoulder face of spindle nose. True running of headstock center. Parallelism of main spindle to saddle movement. True running taper socket in main spindle. Movement of

Michelson Interferometer Construction: It consists of a monochromatic light source, a beam splitter and two mirrors. The basic principle involved in Michelson interferometer is constructive and destructive interference when one mirror remains fixed and the other is moved. The above fig shows the working of Michelson interferometer. A monochromatic light from an extended source falls

Laser interferometer uses A.C laser as the light source and thus it enables the measurements to be made over longer distance. Laser represents a source of intensively monochromatic optical energy, which can be collimated into a directional beam. The laser beam wavelength is exact and pure for highly accurate measurements. The laser interferometers utilize the

Laser stands for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. Laser instruments are devices to produce powerful, monochromatic collimated beam of light in which the waves are coherent. The development of laser gives production of clear coherent light. The biggest advantage of this coherent light is that whole energy appears to be emanating from a

Measurement of roundness is defined as a condition of a surface of revolution. All points of the surface are intersected by any plane perpendicular to a common axis in case of cylinder and come. Devices Used for Measurement of Roundness Diametral gauge. Circumferential conferring gauge ⇒ a shaft is confined in a ring gauge and

Definition of Straightness of a Line in Two Planes A line is said to be straight over a given length, if the variation of the distance of its from two planes perpendicular to each other and parallel to the general direction of the line remains within the specified tolerance limits. The tolerance on the straightness

The methods used for measuring the surface finish are classified into Inspection by comparison Direct Instrument Measurements Inspection by comparison methods In these methods of measuring, the surface texture is assessed by observation of the surface. The surface to be tested is compared with known value of roughness specimen and finished by similar machining process.

To find out the accuracy of a screw thread, it will be necessary to measure the following: Major diameter Minor diameter Effective or Pitch diameter Pitch Thread angle and form Measurement of major diameter The instruments which are used to find the major diameter are Ordinary micrometer Bench micrometer. Ordinary micrometer: The ordinary micrometer is

Form measurement includes screw threads measurement, gear measurement, radius measurement, surface finish measurement, straightness measurement, flatness and roundness measurements. Introduction Measurement of Screw Threads Measurement of screw threads are used to transmit power and motion and also used to fasten two components with the help of nuts, bolts and studs. There is a large variety