Santhakumar Raja

In this section we’ll introduce a new kind of unified modeling language UML diagram: the state diagram (also called the statechart diagram). The UML class diagrams we examined in earlier chapters show relationships between classes. Class diagrams reflect the organization of the program’s code. They are static diagrams, in that these relationships (such as association

Our next example demonstrates an array of pointers to objects, and shows how to sort these pointers based on data in the object. This involves the idea of pointer to pointer, and may help demonstrate why people lose sleep over pointers. The idea in the next program is to create an array of pointers to

Memory Management : We’ve seen many examples where arrays are used to set aside memory. The statement int arr1[100]; reserves memory for 100 integers. Arrays are a useful approach to data storage, but they have a serious drawback: We must know at the time we write the program how big the array will be. We

Before we noted that there are three ways to pass arguments to a function: by value, by reference, and by pointer. If the passing pointers to functions in C++ is intended to modify variables in the calling program, these variables cannot be passed by value, since the function obtains only a copy of the variable.

There is a close association between pointers and arrays. “Arrays and Strings,” how array elements are accessed. The following program, ARRNOTE, provides a review. // arrnote.cpp // array accessed with array notation #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { //array int intarray[5] = { 31, 54, 77, 52, 93 }; for(int j=0; j<5; j++)

Object oriented software is different than conventional software. There are potentially many benefits to object oriented development. Among these benefits are simplification of requirements, design, and implementation. These benefits are achieved by modeling the problem domain with objects that represent the important entities, by encapsulating the functions with the data, by reusing objects within a

Software cost estimation : Predicting the resources required for a software development process Fundamental estimation questions How much effort is required to complete an activity? How much calendar time is needed to complete an activity? What is the total cost of an activity? Project estimation and scheduling and interleaved management activities Software cost components Hardware

Software Project Management Plan : All technical and managerial activities required to deliver the deliverables to the client. A software project has a specific duration, consumes resources and produces work products. Management categories to complete a software project: Tasks, Activities, Functions Software Project Management Plan The controlling document for a software project. Specifies the technical

A risk analysis and management is the possibility that an undesirable event (called the risk event) could happen. Risks involve both uncertainty (events that are guaranteed to happen are not risks) and loss (events that don’t negatively affect the project are not risks). Proactive risk management is the process of trying to minimize the possible