A face centred cubic structure consists of eight corner atoms and six face centred atoms. Examples: Copper, Nickel, Gold, Lead and Platinum. The arrangement of atoms in face centred cubic unit cell is shown in Fig. Number of atoms per unit cell An FCC unit cell consists of eight corner atoms and each and every
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Let us discuss some of the important parameters which are used to describe the crystal structure. Number of atoms per unit cell The total number of atoms present in an unit cell is known as number of atoms per unit cell. The distribution of atoms is different in lattice structure. This can be determined if
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Based on the crystal structure point of view, the solids can be classified into two categories namely: Crystalline (or) Crystals and Non-crystalline (or) Amorphous solids. Crystalline solids or Crystals Crystalline solids (or) crystals are those in which atoms (or) molecules are arranged in some systematic (or) regular pattern. In these materials, the arrangement of atoms
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1. What is a dielectric material? State their property. Dielectrics are the insulating materials having electric dipole moment permanently or temporarily by applying the electric field. These are mainly used to store electrical energy and used as electrical insulators. All dielectrics are electrical insulators. But all electrical insulators need not to be dielectrics. Dielectrics are
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1. What is meant by magnetic materials? Give examples? Magnetic materials are the materials which can be easily magnetized by keeping it in an external magnetic field. Examples: Iron, Ferrites, Carbon steel etc. 2. Define Magnetic Flux [φ] The total number of magnetic lines of force passing through a surface is known as magnetic flux.
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1. What is a semiconductor? The materials in which the electrical conductivity lies between conductors and insulators are called semiconductors. They have resistivity value between 10-4 to 0.05 ohm-m. The electrical conductivity of semiconductor increase when we add impurities and by increasing the temperature and it is contrary to the metals. 2. Define the properties
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1. What is a conducting material? The material possessing higher electrical and thermal conductivities are called conducting materials. The resistance of such materials are very low. The conducting property of a material depends on the number of free electrons. 2. What is meant by a free electron? The electron moves freely in all directions in
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1. A paramagnetic material has a magnetic field intensity of 104 Am-1. If the susceptibility of the material at room temperature is 3.7×10-3. Calculate the magnetization and flux density in the material. Given H = 104 A m-1, χ = 3.7 × 10-3, I =?, B = ? Solution:- (i) [latex] \begin{aligned} \chi & =\frac{\mathrm{I}}{\mathrm{H}}
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The field of optics that deals with non – linear behavior of optical materials is known as non- linear optics. The material for which the optical properties depends on the intensity of light and behave non – linearly is called non linear optical (NLO) Materials. The physical properties of optical material depend on intensity of
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Though nano-particles are very small, they are the important materials to built the future world. They have applications almost in all fields as follows Nanomaterials in Energy Production Generating steam from sunlight: The sunlight, concentrated on nanoparticles intended to use sunlight to generate steam for use in running power plants. Producing high efficiency light bulbs:
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