The textual robot languages possess a variety of structures and capabilities. These languages are still evolving. In this section we identify two generations of textual languages and speculate about what a future generation might be like. First Generation Languages Typical features include the ability to define manipulator motions (using the statements to define the sequence
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The first textual robot language was WAVE, developed in 1973 as an experimental language for research at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Research involving a robot interfaced to a machine vision system was accomplished using the WAVE language. The research demonstrated the feasibility of robot hand-eye coordination. Development of a subsequent language began in 1974
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Irrespective of robot configuration, there are several methods that can be used by the programmer during the teach mode to actuate the robot arm and wrist. We list the following three methods: Joint movements x-y-z coordinate motions (also called world coordinates) Tool coordinate motions The first method is the most basic and involves the movement
Methods of Defining Positions in Space Read More »
This and the following sections of this chapter will examine the programming issues involved in the use of the lead through methods, with emphasis on the powered lead through approach. Let us begin our discussion with our previous definition of a robot program as a path in space. The locus of points along the path
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Sometimes, engineers work as consultants to give expert supporting evidence in appropriate circumstances. The concentration of engineers may be on the past, such as explaining the causes of accidents, malfunctions and other activities and functions which involve technology. They also focus on the future such as public planning, policy making etc, that involve technology. In
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The Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) will have wide range of socio economic technological and political impacts. The obligation under the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights System (TRIPS) means all the members of World Trade Organization (WTO) are supposed to implement natural systems of minimum standards. Rapid technology obsolescence and fierce competitions lead one to protect
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Engineers, who work for companies have obligations to respect the legitimate authority of their employers, in order to fulfill the organizational aims. Hence, authority is a must. Authority provides a way for identifying the areas of personal responsibility and accountability. Institutional Authority This refers to the authority within the organization. It is the right of
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A balanced outlook on law stresses the necessity of laws and regulations and their limitations in directing engineering practice. In order to live, work and play together in harmony as a society, there must be a balance between individual needs and desires against collective needs and desires. Only ethical conduct can provide such a balance.
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The codes of ethics have to be adopted by engineering societies as well as by engineers. These codes exhibit the rights, duties and obligations of the members of a profession. Codes are the set of laws and standards. A code of ethics provides a framework for ethical judgment for a professional. A code cannot be
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The engineers have so many responsibilities for serving the society. A Primary duty is to protect the safety of human beings and respect their right of consent [A conscientious commitment to live by moral values]. Having a clear awareness of the experimental nature of any project, thoughtful forecasting of its possible side effects, and an
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